>> How The Affluent Manage Home Equity

How the Affluent Manage

Home Equity

Safely and Conservatively

Build

By Steven Marshall

toWealth

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

Provided Courtesy of Allen Robinson

FTMC

How the Affluent Manage Home Equity

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

 Most of what we believe about mortgages and home equity, which we learned from our parents and

grandparents, is wrong. They taught usto make a big down payment, get a fixed

rate mortgage, and make extra principle

payments in order to pay off your loan as

early as you can. Mortgages, they said, are

a necessary evil at best.

The problem with this rationale is it has

become outdated. The rules of money have

changed. Unlike our grandparents, we will

no longer have the same job for 30 years.

In many cases people will switch careers

five or six times. Also, unlike our grandparents,

we can no longer depend on our

company’s pension plan for a secure retirement.

A recent Gallup survey showed

that 75% of workers want to retire before

the age of 60, yet only 25% think they can.

Unlike our grandparents, we will no

longer live in the same home for 30 years.

Statistics show that the average homeowner

lives in their home for only seven years. And

unlike our grandparents, we will no longer

keep the same mortgage for 30 years. According

to the Federal National Mortgage

Association, or Fannie Mae, the average

American mortgage lasts 4.2 years. People

are refinancing their homes every 4.2 years

to improve their interest rate, restructure

their debt, remodel their home, or to pull

out money for investing, education or other

expenses. Given these statistics, it’s difficult

to understand why so many Americans continue

to pay a high interest rate premium

If you had enough money to pay off your mortgage right now, would you? Many people would. In fact,

the ‘American Dream’ is to own your own home, and to own it outright, with no mortgage. If the

American Dream is so wonderful, how can we explain the fact that thousands of financially successful

people, who have more than enough money to pay off their mortgage, refuse to do so.

 

they are likely to only use the first 4.2 years

of the mortgage. We can only conclude they

are operating on outdated knowledge from

previous generations when there were few

options other than the 30 year fixed mortgage.

Wealthy Americans, those with the

ability to pay off their mortgage but refuse

to do so, understand how to make their

mortgage work for them.

They go against many of the beliefs of traditional

thinking. They put very little money

down, they keep their mortgage balance as

high as possible, they choose adjustable

rate interest-only mortgages, and most importantly

they integrate their mortgage into

their overall financial plan to continually

increase their wealth. This is how the rich

get richer.

The game board is the same, but while

most Americans are playing checkers, the

affluent are playing chess. The good news

is the strategies used by the wealthy work

for the rest of America as well. Any homeowner

can implement the strategies of the

wealthy to increase their net worth.

Ric Edelman, one of the top financial

planners in the country and a New York

Times Best Selling author, summarizes in

this book

often, people buy homes in a vacuum,

without considering how that purchase is

going to affect other aspects of their lives.

This can be a big mistake, and therefore

you must recognize that owning a home

holds very important implications for the

rest of your financial plan. Although a

fine goal, owning a home is not the ultimate

financial planning goal, and in fact

how you handle issues of home ownership

may well determine whether you achieve

financial success.”

In order to discover how our parents

and grandparents got the idea that a mortgage

was a necessary evil at best, we must

go back in time to the Great Depression. In

the 1920’s a common clause in loan agreements

gave banks the right to demand full

repayment of the loan at any time. Since

this was like asking for the moon and the

stars, no one worried about it. When the

stock market crashed on October 29, 1929

millions of investors lost huge sums of

money, much of it on margin. Back then,

you could buy $10 of stock for a $1. Since

the value of the stocks dropped, few investors

wanted to sell, so they had to go to the

bank and take out cash to cover their margin

call. It didn’t take long for the banks

to run out of cash and start calling loans

due from good Americans who were faithfully

making their mortgage payments every

month. However, there wasn’t any demand

to buy these homes, so prices continued

to drop. To cover the margin calls, brokers

were forced to sell stocks and once

again there wasn’t a market for stocks so

the prices kept dropping. Ultimately, the

Great Depression saw the stock market fall

more than 75% from its 1929 highs. More

for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage, whenThe Truth About Money, “Too Why PeoPle Fear Mortgages,nd Why you shouldnt

How the Affluent Manage Home Equity

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

money is not the same as making money.

Or, put another way, paying off debt is not

the same as accumulating assets. By tackling

the mortgage pay-off first, and the savings

goal second, many fail to consider the important

role a mortgage plays in our savings

effort. Every dollar we give the bank is a dollar

we did not invest. While paying off the

mortgage saves us interest, it denies us the

opportunity to earn interest with that money.

a t

Ric Edelman has educated his clients

for years on the benefits of integrating

their mortgage into their overall financial

plan. In his book,

Money

each of whom secures a mortgage to buy

a $200,000 home. Each brother earns

$70,000 a year and has $40,000 in savings.

The first brother, Brother A, believes

than half the nation’s banks failed and millions

of homeowners, unable to raise the

cash they needed to payoff their loans,

lost their homes. Out of this the American

Mantra was born:

outright. Never carry a mortgage.

The reasoning behind America’s new

mantra was really quite simple: if the economy

fell to pieces, at least you still had your

home and the bank couldn’t take it away

from you. Maybe you couldn’t put food on

the table or pay your bills, but your home

was secure. Since the Great Depression

laws have been introduced that make it illegal

for banks to call your loan due. The

bank can no longer call you up and say,

“We’re running a little short on cash and

need you to pay off your loan in the next

thirty days.”

Additionally, the Fed is now quick to infuse

money into the system if there is a run on

the banks, as we saw in 1987 and Y2K. Also,

the FDIC was created to insure banks. Still,

it’s no wonder the fear of losing their home

became instilled in the hearts and minds of

the American people, and they quickly grew

to fear their mortgage. In the 1950’s and

60’s families would throw mortgage burning

parties to celebrate paying off their home.

And so, because of this fear of their mortgage,

for nearly 75 years most people have

overlooked the opportunities their mortgage

provides to build financial security.

ale oF tWo BrothersThe New Rules of, Ric tells the story of two brothers,Always own your home

W

a

Many people hate their mortgage because

they know over the life of a 30 year loan,

they will spend more in interest than the

house cost them in the first place. To save

money it becomes very tempting to make

a bigger down payment, or make extra

principal payments. Unfortunately, saving

in the old way of paying off a mortgage,

which is as soon as possible. Brother A

bites the bullet and secures a fifteen-year

mortgage at 6.38% APR and shells out all

$40,000 of his savings as a 20% down

payment, leaving him zero dollars to

invest. This leaves him with a monthly payment

of $1,383. Since he has a combined

federal and state income tax rate of 32%,

he is left with an average monthly net aftertax

cost of $1,227. Also, in an effort to eliminate

his mortgage sooner, Brother A sends

an extra $100 to his lender every month.

Brother B, in contrast, subscribes

to the new way of mortgage planning,

choosing instead to carry a big, long-term

mortgage. He secures a 30-year, interestonly

loan at 7.42% APR. He outlays a small

5% down payment of $10,000 and invests

the remaining $30,000 in a safe, moneymaking

side account. His monthly payment

is $1,175, 100% of which is tax deductible

over the first 15 years, and 64% over the

life of the loan, leaving him a monthly net

after-tax cost of $799. Every month he adds

$100 to his investments (the same $100

Brother A sent to his lender), plus the

$428 he’s saved from his lower mortgage

payment. His investment account earns an

8% rate of return.

Which brother made the right decision?

The answer can be found by looking

into the future. After just five years

Brother A has received $14,216 in tax

savings, however he made zero dollars in

savings and investments. Brother B, on the

other hand, has received $22,557 in tax

savings and his savings and investment account

has grown to $83,513. Now, what if

both brothers suddenly lose their jobs? The

story here turns rather bleak for Brother

A. Without any money in savings, he has no

way to get through the crisis. Even though

hy PeoPle hate their Mortgagend Why you shouldnt

Common Home Equity

Misconceptions

Many Americans believe the following statements

to be true, but in reality they are

myths, or misconceptions:

Your home equity is a prudent

investment.

FALSE

Extra principal payments on your

mortgage saves you money.

FALSE

Mortgage interest should be

eliminated as soon as possible.

FALSE

Substantial equity in your home

enhances your net worth.

FALSE

Home Equity has a rate of return.

FALSE

How the Affluent Manage Home Equity

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

he has $74,320 of equity in his home, he

can’t get a loan because he doesn’t have a

job. With no job and no savings, he can’t

make his monthly payments and has no

choice but to sell his home in order to avoid

foreclosure. Unfortunately, at this point it’s

a fire sale so he must sell at a discount, and

then pay real estate commissions.

Brother B, while not particularly

happy at the prospects of searching for

a new job, is not worried because he

has $83,513 in savings to tide him over.

He doesn’t need a loan and can easily

make his monthly payments, even if he

is unemployed for years. He has no

reason to panic, as he is still in control.

Remember…

Now, let’s say neither brother lost his

job. We’ll check in on them after fifteen

years have passed since they purchased

their homes and evaluate the results of

their financing strategies. Brother A has

now received $25,080 in tax savings, he

has $30,421 in savings and investments

(once his home was paid off he started saving

the equivalent of his mortgage payment

each month), and owns his home outright.

Not too bad, right?

Now let’s check on his Brother. Brother

B has received $67,670 in tax savings and

has $282,019 in savings and investments. If

he chooses to, he can pay off the remaining

mortgage balance of $190,000 and still have

$92,019 left over in savings, free and clear.

Finally, let’s assume that rather than pay

off his mortgage at fifteen years, Brother B

decides to ride out the whole thirty years

of the loan’s life. While Brother A has still

received only $25,080 in tax savings, his

savings and investments have grown to

$613,858, and he still owns his home outright.

Brother B, on the other hand, has re-

Cash is King!

A Tale Of Two Brothers

Adapted from the book, The New Rules of Money

Our story begins with two brothers, each earning $70,000 a year. They each have $ 0,000 in savings and both are buying $ 00,000 homes.

15-

$0

$1,383

(56%

$1,227

sends

eFFort to eliMinate Mortgage sooner

received

has

What if both brothers suddenly lost their jobs?

year Mortgage at 6.38% aPrBig doWn PayMentleFt to investMonthly PayMentis tax deductiBle First year/33% average)Monthly net aFter-tax cost$100 Monthly to lender in$14,216 in tax savings$0 in savings and investMents

has no savings to get hiM through crisis

can

$74,320

Must sell his hoMe or Face Foreclosure

Because he can

at this Point

sell at a discount and Pay real estate

coMMissions

oWns hoMe outright

received

has

oWns hoMe outright

30-

$10,000

$30,000

$1,175

(100%

$799

adds

$428

Where account earns

received

has

has

doesn

can easily Make his Mortgage PayMents

even iF he

has no reason to Panic since he

control

t get a loan even though he hasMore in equity than his BrotherBecause he has no joBt Make PayMentsits a Fire sale he Must(6-7 %)$25,080 in tax savings$613,858 in savings and investMentsyear interest-only loan at 7.42% aPrsMall doWn PayMentreMaining to investMonthly PayMentis tax deductiBle First 15 years/64% average)Monthly net aFter-tax cost$100 Monthly to investMents, Plussaved FroM loWer Mortgage PayMent8% rate oF return$22,557 in tax savings$83,513 in savings and investMents$83,513 in savings to tide hiM overt need a loans uneMPloyed For yearss still inreMeMBer... cash is king!

received

has

Results After 15 Years

$25,080 in tax savings$30,421 in savings and investMents

received

has

reMaining Mortgage Balance is

and still have

and clear

Results After 30 Years

$67,670 in tax savings$282,019 in savings and investMents$190,000and he has enough savings to Pay it oFF$92,019 leFt over, Free

received

oWns hoMe outright

and enjoys the saMe BeneFits once again

has

investMents

Brother “A” believes in

“The Old Way” – paying

off the mortgage as soon

as possible

Brother “B” believes in

“The New Way” –carrying

a big, long mortgage

$107,826 in tax savingsso starts Fresh$1,115,425 in savings and

Results After 5 Years

How the Affluent Manage Home Equity

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

ceived a whopping $107,826 in tax savings,

has accumulated an incredible $1,115,425

in savings and investments, and also owns

his home outright. He can start over fresh

and enjoy the same benefits once again.

Unfortunately, the majority of Americans

follow the same path as Brother A, as it’s

the only path they know. Once the path of

Brother B is revealed to them, a paradigm

shifting epiphany often occurs as they realize

Brother B’s path enables homeowners to

pay their homes off sooner (if they choose

to), while significantly increasing their net

worth and maintaining the added benefits of

liquidity and safety the entire way.

s

e

t

In 2003, Doug Andrew, a top financial

planner from Utah, was the first to

clearly articulate the strategy the wealthy

have been using for decades in his book,

uccessFully Managing hoMequity to increase liquidity,saFety, rate oF return, andax deductions

Missed Fortune.

the concepts of successfully managing

home equity to increase liquidity, safety,

rate of return, and tax deductions. Doug

educates readers to view their mortgage

and home equity through a different lens,

the same lens used by the affluent. He

shows how relatively minor changes in

home equity perception and positioning

can produce monumental long-term

effects in financial security.

Many Americans believe the best way to

pay off a home early is to pay extra principal

on your mortgage. Similarly, many finance

professors think a 15-year loan saves you

money by reducing the interest you pay.

However, Doug Andrew points out in his

book,

flawed. If you do the math, you find if you

set aside the monthly payment difference

between a 15-year loan and a 30-year loan,

as well as the tax savings into a safe side

investment account earning a conservative

rate of return, you will have enough to

pay your home off in 13½ years (or in 15

years with $25,000 to spare!). Chapter one

in

mistake made by millions of Americans who

choose the fifteen-year loan.

FTMC teaches an educational seminar

for the public based largely on the

Fortune

break down the four key benefits of integrating

your mortgage into your financial

plan (increased liquidity, safety, rate of return,

and tax deductions) in order to look

at each one in more detail. Our goal is to

help clients conserve their home equity, not

consume it. We are one of the few financial

planning firms who encourage clients to

secure debt in order to become debt free

sooner.

In April 1998, The Journal of Financial

Planning (published by the Institute of

Certified Financial Planners) contained

the first academic study undertaken on the

question of 15-year versus 30-year mortgages.

They concluded the 30-year loan is

better. Based on the same logic, wouldn’t

an interest-only loan be better than an

amortizing loan? If mortgage money cost

you 4-5%, the chances are pretty good that

you can earn 5% on your money. Interest

rates are relative. In the 1980’s, money

was costing 15%, but individuals could

still earn 15% on their money. Due to the

tax deductibility of mortgage interest and

compounding returns, you can borrow at a

higher rate and invest it at a lower rate and

still make a significant profit.

The book is based onMissed Fortune, that this thinking isMissed Fortune talks about the $25,000Missedconcepts. In the seminar, we

l

c

By having cash available for emergencies

and investment opportunities, most homeowners

are better off than if their equity

is tied up in their residence. Large, idle

equity, also called ‘having all your eggs in

one basket,’ can be risky if the homeowner

suddenly needs cash. While employed and

in excellent health, borrowing on a home

is easy, but most people, especially retirees,

unexpectedly need cash when they are

sick, unemployed or have insufficient income.

Obtaining a home loan under these

circumstances can be either impossible or

very expensive.

How many of us feel when we go to the

bank we almost need to prove we don’t

arge equity in your hoMean Be a Big disadvantage

Are you still doing this?

“Here is an extra $100

principal payment Mr. Banker.

Don’t pay me any interest

on it. If I need it back, I’ll pay

you fees, borrow it back on

your terms, and prove

to you that I qualify.”

Money you give the bank

is money you’ll never

see again unless you

refinance or sell.

How the Affluent Manage Home Equity

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

need the money before they’ll loan it to us?

The bank wants to know we have the ability

to repay the loan. You can imagine how a

conversation might go with your banker: “I

brought up your loan application up to the

board this morning and I explained to them

you’re going through some hard financial

times, you’re unemployed, your credit is

not so good and maybe they could lend

you some cash to get through these rough

times.” Their response was...

What many people don’t realize is that

even if they’ve consistently been making

double mortgage payments for five years in

a row, the bank still has no leniency. If suddenly

they experience a financial setback,

the bank will not care. They can go to the

bank and plead, “I never thought in a million

years this would happen to me, but it

did. I’ve been paying my mortgage in advance

for years, how about if I just coast on

my mortgage payments for a few months?”

They get the same answer every time...

chance!’

Regardless of how much you’ve paid your

mortgage down or how many extra payments

you’ve made, next month’s payment

is still due in its entirety no matter what.

W

y

In the book,

Andrew suggests people strongly consider

separating as much equity as they

possibly can from their house, and

place it over in a cash position. Why in

the world would you want to have the

equity removed from your home? There are

actually three primary reasons:

1. L

2. S

3. R

These three elements are also commonly

used as the test of a prudent investment.

When evaluating a potential investment, experienced

investors will ask the following

three questions:

‘Fat chance!’‘FatBanks just don’t work that way.hy seParate equity FroMour hoMe?Missed Fortune, Dougiquidityafetyate of RetuRn

1. H

(Can I get my money back

when I want it?)

ow Liquid iS it?

2. H

(Is it guaranteed or insured?)

ow Safe iS it?

3. w

Home equity fails all three tests of a prudent

investment. Let’s examine each of these

core elements in more detail to better understand

why home equity fails the tests of a

prudent investment, and, more importantly,

why home-owners benefit by separating the

equity from their home.

Hat Rate of RetuRn Can i expeCt?

s

i

What is the biggest secret in real estate?

Your mortgage is a loan against your income,

not a loan against the value of your

house. Without an income, in many cases

you cannot get a loan. If you suddenly experienced

difficult financial times, would

your rather have $25,000 of cash to help

you make your mortgage payment, or have

an additional $25,000 of equity trapped in

your home? Almost every person who has

ever lost their home to foreclosure would

have been better off if they had their equity

separated from their home in a liquid, safe,

conservative side fund that could be used

to make mortgage payments during their

time of need.

The importance of liquidity became all

too clear when the stock market crashed in

October of 1987. If someone had advised

you to sell your stocks and convert to cash,

they would have been a hero. Or, if you had

enough liquidity you could have weathered

the storm. Those with other liquid assets

were able to remain invested. They were

rewarded as the market rebounded and

recovered fully within 90 days. However,

those without liquidity were forced to sell

while the market was down, causing them

to accept significant losses. In

Fortune

young couple who learned what he calls

“The $150,000 Lesson on Liquidity”. In

1978 this couple built a beautiful home that

would be featured in

Gardens

in value, and, by 1982, it was appraised for

just under $300,000. They had accumulated

a significant amount of equity, not because

they had been making extra payments on

the property, but because market conditions

improved over that four-year period.

This couple thought they had the world

by the tail. They had a home valued at

$300,000 with first and second mortgages

owing only $150,000. They had

“made” $150,000 in four short years.

eParating equity toncrease liquidityMissed, Doug Andrew tells the story of aBetter Homes and. The couple’s home appreciated

“It’s better to have access

to the equity or value of

your home and not need it,

than to need it and not be

able to get at it.”

How the Affluent Manage Home Equity

7

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

They had the misconception that the

equity in their home had a rate of return

when, in fact, it was just a number on a

sheet of paper.

Then, a series of unexpected events

reduced their income to almost nothing

for nine months. They couldn’t borrow

money to keep their mortgage payments

current because without an income they

did not have the ability to repay. Within

six months they had sold two other

properties to bring their mortgage out

of delinquency. They soon realized that

in order to protect their $150,000 of equity

they would have to sell their home.

As Murphy’s Law would have it, the

previously strong real estate market

turned soft. Although they reduced

their asking price several times – from

$295,000 down to $195,000 – they could

not find a buyer. Sadly, they gave up the

home in foreclosure to the mortgage

lender. Sometimes sad stories only get

sadder. The two mortgages on the property

were in the amounts of $125,000 and

$25,000, respectively. The second mortgage

holder outbid the first one at the ensuing

auction, feeling that, much like the

original owners, it was in a good position.

Knowing that the house had been appraised

for $300,000, and the obligation owing

was only $150,000, it thought it could

turn around and sell the property to cover

the investment. It took nine long months

to sell, during which time the lender was

forced to pay the first mortgage and also

accrued an additional $30,000 of interest

and penalties. By the time the home finally

sold, less the $30,000 in accrued indebtedness,

guess who got stuck with the defi-

ciency balance of $30,000 on their credit

report? The original owners, of course!

This couple not only had a foreclosure

appear on their credit report for

seven years, the report also showed a

deficiency balance owing $30,000 on

a home they had lost nearly one year

earlier. In a time of financial setback they

lost one of their most valuable assets due to

a lack of liquidity. If they had separated their

$150,000 in home equity and repositioned

it into a safe side account, they would have

easily been able to make their mortgage payments

and prevented this series of events.

At this point in the story, Doug admits

the young couple was really he and his

wife, Sharee. Despite objections from his

editor, Doug insisted the story remain in

the book because he wanted his readers

to know he understands

importance of positioning assets in financial

instruments that maintain liquidity in

the event of an emergency. If Doug and

Sharee had access to their home’s equity,

they could have used it to weather the

financial storm until they could get back

on their feet. Doug learned from his own

experience the importance of maintaining

flexibility in order to ride out market lows

and take advantage of market highs. And,

most importantly, he learned never to allow

a significant amount of equity to accumulate

in his property.

Home equity is not the same as cash in

the bank; only cash in the bank is the same

as cash in the bank. Being house rich and

cash poor is a dangerous position to be in.

It is better to have access to the equity or

value of your home and not need it, than to

need it and not be able to get at it. Keeping

home equity safe is really a matter of

positioning yourself to act instead of react

to market conditions over which you have

no control.

i

The Seattle Times, in an article published

in March 2004, reported, “Remember that

housing prices can and do level off.

They sometimes decline – witness Southern

California just a little more than a decade

ago, when prices took a 20 percent to 30

percent corrective jolt downward.” Real

estate equity is no safer than any other investment

whose value is determined by an

external market over which we personally

have no control. In fact, due to the hidden

“risks of life,” real estate equity is not

nearly as safe as many other conservative

investments and assets. A home that is either

mortgaged to the hilt or owned totally

free and clear provides the greatest safety

for the homeowner.

Americans typically believe home equity

is a very safe investment. In fact, according

to a recent study, 67% of Americans have

more of their net worth in home equity than

in all other investments combined. However,

if 100 financial planners looked at a

client portfolio that was 67% weighted in

a single investment, 99 out of 100 of them

would immediately recommend the client

first hand the seParating equity toncrease saFety oF PrinciPal

“Home equity is not the

same as cash in the bank.

Only cash in the bank is the

same as cash in the bank.”

How the Affluent Manage Home Equity

Copyright © 2006 by Strategic Equity LLC. All rights reserved.

diversify to reduce their risk and increase

safety of principal. Holding large amounts

of home equity puts the homeow